It’s the twenty-fifth book by an Indigenous author that I’ve read this year and, if I had to choose only one, my recommendation would be Tanya Talaga’s The Knowing for its skillful navigation of personal and socio-political history.
It’s both the story of a great-great-granddaughter searching for her ancestor’s past, and the story of an Anishinaabe and Polish woman’s study of how colonization impacted Indigenous peoples in (the land currently called) Canada.
This is how it begins:
“Annie Carpenter lies in an unmarked grave just south of a giant blue-and-yellow IKEA, directly off one of the busiest thoroughfares in North America, the Gardiner Expressway, part of the Queen Elizabeth Way, which cuts west and east across the city of Toronto. It feels like an area you drive through to get somewhere else, not a destination.”

As a journalist, Talaga has perfected the semi-formal tone.
Her prose feels like an ordinary conversation with someone who’s stayed up all night in the archives: half just-sayin’ and half endnotes.
The Knowing feels both more intimate and more expansive than her previous books. (She’s also published All Our Relations in 2019, which has more of an international perspective, and Seven Fallen Feathers in 2017, with a closer look at Thunder Bay and northern Ontario.) That’s a testament to her experience and skill—it’s tough to balance those seemingly conflicting intentions.

It feels like Talaga knows everyone, and her ease quoting conversations and interactions (by phone, by text, meetings, etc.) gives the sense that you’re looking over her shoulder, at her reporter’s notebook, but also glimpsing not only her own efforts at storytelling, and movement towards reconciliation, but also understanding how her efforts fit into a broader context.
She shares some of the guidance and wisdom that she has witnessed and received from many other people engaged in this work. Her 2023 conversation with Murray Sinclair (Chair of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, and the second Indigenous judge in Canada), for instance, clarifies how he viewed the audience for writing and speaking about Indigenous history in Canada. Talaga would be writing for three groups, he believed.
“Those who believe in what we are doing, who want to be the allies and be at the forefront of process. Secondly, there are those that will deny it and scream bloody murder, who will call the Survivors liars—they will always be there. But the group we need to be concerned with is the large group in the middle. As they become aware—there is something not quite right in what I have been taught in school, something not quite right—we need to give them knowledge to know more.”
The Knowing is written for that “large group in the middle” and not only addresses specific historical events and patterns, but also invites readers closer, into Talaga’s search for family members whose history seemed lost.
So she informs readers what historical figures like Duncan Campbell Scott (1862-1947), architect of the Residential School System, said about treaty negotiations while they were under way, revealing the government’s deliberate manipulation and subterfuge:
“What could they grasp of the pronouncement on the Indian tenure which had been delivered by the law lords of the Crown, what of the elaborate negotiations between a dominion and a province which had made a treaty possible, what of the sense of traditional policy which brooded over the whole?” he asked. “Nothing. So there was no basis for argument. The simple facts had to be stated and the parental idea developed that the King is the great father of the Indians, watchful over their interests, and ever compassionate.”
But she also talks about how ordinary people—members of her own family—responded to being treated like second-class citizens:
“When I was a girl, before she [her mother, born in 1944] told my brother and me that we had a sister, I never knew why she cried herself to sleep at night. She had copies of Half-Breed by Maria Campbell and In Search of April Raintree by Beatrice Culleton Mosionier stashed under her bed. For a significant portion of her life, she never told anyone she was an Indian: her grandmother told her not to, that she had to fit in with Canadian society. My father wouldn’t stand for it either. If she ever tried to be herself, he’d put a stop to it, calling her names, violently belittling her existence.”
That’s all to say that, stylistically, Talaga’s work is accessible and inviting, as well as impeccably researched.

And anyone who attends to the news has read the headlines. About children’s remains being “discovered” on the grounds of Residential Schools across (what’s today) Canada, about ceremonies held to honour the trauma that was experienced and inherited by children who survived their attendance there, about the reports of these experiences gathered during the Truth and Reconciliation Commission and the recommendations it made, about how records of these institutions (and companies like the Hudson Bay Company) were maintained or destroyed, about the link between the institution of slavery and the fur trade in northern North American and its impact on Indigenous peoples, about the overturning of the Catholic Church’s historic Doctrine of Discovery in 2023.
But only some who read these headlines will sense that there’s “something not quite right” and will want “to know more”.
Tanya Talaga’s The Knowing would be an excellent first step on a path towards reconciliation. It’s over 400 pages long, and contains countless references to places and people that wouldn’t be recognizable to readers from faraway, but Bill of The Australian Legend has also been reading this book throughout September, and claims none of that slowed his reading. (He is planning to write about it himself before long.)
Have you read Tanya Talaga? Is there a book you would recommend as a good companion for The Knowing?
[…] (Buried in Print) in her review of The Knowing […]
This sounds so good. I love a mixture of memoir and history, like Clint Smith’s How The Word is Passed.
Ohhhh, I loved that book so much, and it’s one that I think back to frequently. Thanks for reminding me that I should see what he’s published lately.
No I haven’t of course, but I like that recognition of needing to speak to “the large group in the middle. As they become aware—there is something not quite right in what I have been taught in school, something not quite right—we need to give them knowledge to know more.” It’s a bit gobsmacking that this group is still a large group, but he/they are right about its being the group to speak to. I am just amazed at the generosity and patience of First Nations people in doing this. In a sense they have little choice, because they have such little power, but still, so many of them are so gracious.
I think key cultural concepts–ideas about gift-giving and sharing and teaching, in particular–make this patience more inherent in their relationships, even in their disappointing releationships (with settlers, for instance). I’m consistently surprised by how often a member of an Indigenous community is described as having invited the participation of a non-Indigenous person/group, when they have been so perpetually dis-invited from cultural conversations themselves.
That opening is just extraordinary. What a skillful writer, it’s a such a punch yet doesn’t feel sensationalist at all.
Exactly: and, even if you can’t imagine the exact area, she gives you exactly what you need to feel it (picture it).
I have yet to read The Knowing and All Our Relations but I read Seven Fallen Feathers. I had resisted because of the subject matter but found it compelling (and as I expected, heartbreaking). Her diligent research and writing style offers a way in to the lives and families of the children who died and lays out the context that led to the tragedy. She shares history and unpacks the cultural divide in a way that doesn’t back away from the facts but also invites us in. It’s a call to action including to learn more.
You’ve articulated that so perfectly: I hope others who haven’t yet read her will be inspired to read one of her books, whichever they feel drawn to most. Next I will watch the multi-part series on CBC; I’d thought I would watch it in conjunction with reading the book, but didn’t plan well enough to follow through (such a busy time of year, you know).
I read the Knowing last year and felt much the same way you do – she strikes a great balance between her personal story and her reporting. Journalists are just so good at writing in a way that makes us want to keep reading! I found this book also so comprehensive, it’s a good step for those in the middle as Sinclair references – those who are open to hearing more, but want to understand it first, and need that additional knowledge. We are so lucky to have so many incredible Indigenous writers in Canada, who are also being published!
Did you happen to post about it? (If you did, I’m sorry, I forgot or else I missed it somehow. Feel free to add a link in the comments!) Beofre I started reading, I thought it would feel long, but it actually read more quickly for me than some books half its size. I think that’s another testament to her skill with words and her sense of when to insert facts and when to share anecdotal information.
https://ivereadthis.com/2024/10/01/book-review-the-knowing-by-tanya-talaga/
You don’t have to apologize, lord knows we are all reading each others blogs for so long, it all starts to blend in with one another haha
Anne, I’ve read your review now and I just wanted to say as an Australian who saw only glimpses of the news reports following the discovery of the first set of graves, that I found The Knowing immensely informative. And the way Talaga built the narrative around her researches into her own extended family made the ‘dry’ history of this genocidal episode and its ongoing coverup much easier to follow.
This sounds really good. I will put it on my list in case I can’t find something similar that focuses on residential schools in the US. A really good broad view history of Native American history in the United States that includes residential schools and lots of great stuff about the American Indian Movement, which began in Minneapolis I was surprised/not surprised to learn, is David Treuer’s The Heartbeat of Wounded Knee.
The differing governmental perspectives are interesting to explore. From an Indigenous perspective those geo-political markers belong to the historical colonial powers, with Indigenous nations’ homelands straddling the present-day U.S./Canada border (the Anishinaabe, in particular, inhabiting where you live and where I live). So I’ve become much more interested in AIM over the years. I had no idea about its origins being near you but, as you say, it makes sense too. (I associate it with California, but why?!) Thanks for reminding me about Treuer; I’ve only read his book about…books (of course) and that was ages ago.
[…] Today, 30 Sept., is Canada’s National Day for Truth and Reconciliation (also T&R Day, Orange Shirt Day). “The day honours the children who never returned home and Survivors of residential schools, as well as their families and communities.” (here). Later today Marcie/Buried in Print will post on Tanya Talaga’s The Knowing, a comprehensive and personal account of the consequences of Canada’s genocidal Residential Schools system. (Marcie’s post) […]
My impression of The knowing, and I’m currently halfway through Book 3 (of 4) is that Talaga has done a brilliant job of telling the Residential Schools story by focussing on her research into her own family, so that each step in the story contains both personal and historical information. And she effortlessly moves us backwards and forwards in time so that we never lose track of Annie, her siblings and her descendants.
I’m so struck by how effortlessly (seemingly) she strikes the balance, especially since it must have been so emotionally devastating to work with this manuscript, especially over such a long period of time. I really didn’t think she would have much success in filling in the “gaps” in the family history…I loved how so many people contributed to the process and answered so many questions across generations. The photo of her mom in the graveyard… (I won’t say more, as you’re just in that section now) I found it extraordinarily moving.